Assessment of Risk Management Perceptions and Practices of Dissertation

Evaluation of Risk Management Perceptions and Practices of Construction Contractors - Dissertation Example 7 Methodology †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 Ethical contemplations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 Introduction The development business is a wellspring of dangers and vulnerabilities. This is valid in any nation, particularly in Saudi Arabia, which has encountered a development blast these previous three decades due to the huge oil incomes filled government coffers. Dangers account in physical terms, yet in addition in dynamic terms like money related and financial results. Temporary workers devise intends to oversee dangers and to pre-empt issues and dangers during and after development. Overseeing dangers includes dealing with the wellbeing and security of the development venture or the completed the proces s of building and the laborers and representatives in that. Hazard the board additionally includes breaking down issues or shocks that will happen during and after undertaking development. Dangers incorporate ecological perils brought about by development and destruction squanders, the wellbeing and security of the laborers, and dangers related with the plan of the structure whether it can withstand catastrophic events. Different dangers incorporate protection and incentive for cash or the business side of the development venture. Saudi Arabia has a long, sweltering summer, with a short, cool, winter season with negligible downpour. A few pieces of Saudi Arabia have a portion of the extraordinary climatic conditions, which are generally negative for contractual workers to work with. This is extremely unfavorable to the activities of any undertaking, and could prompt loss of profitability with respect to the proprietors and contractual workers. Hazard the executives ought to think ab out this viewpoint. (Shublaq, 1999, p. 277) Another perspective contractual workers need to remember for chance administration is the importation of workers who are from different nations. Workers need to change in accordance with the sort of exceptional culture Saudi Arabia has. Culture stun with respect to the workers influences the sort of work they produce. Centrality of the examination This paper gives a short appraisal of how development contractual workers in Saudi Arabia utilize chance administration observations and practices. The essentialness of the examination exposes the basic acts of contractual workers in overseeing dangers, and future issues and potential defers that may happen while development is continuous. The examination will hence look to respond to the accompanying inquiries What chance administration strategies are accessible to development temporary worker in Saudi Arabia? What is the degree of utilization of these hazard the executives procedures by the dev elopment temporary workers? What is the significance of hierarchical hazard the executives among development organizations in Saudi Arabia? What are the difficulties confronted be development contractual workers in Saudi Arabia in utilizing hazard the board procedures? Point of the exploration The point of this paper is to decide the degree to which hazard the executives strategies are utilized development temporary workers in Saudi Arabia and furthermore decide the impression of development expert to different development dangers. Destinations To distinguish hazard the board strategies utilized by contractual workers in Saudi Arabia To decide the degree of utilization of recognized hazard the board methods among Saudi development organizations To decide the significance of hierarchical hazard the executives among Saudi development organizations To recognize difficulties looked by Saudi development organizations in utilizing hazard the board procedures To prescribe viable approaches to restrain the difficulties distinguished in the

The Way Up to Heaven Free Essays

misgiving : anixiety flat : demonstrating no forceful feelings shortcoming : little weekness or peculiar propensity clamoring : exceptionally bustling steward : main,male worker yearing : powerful urge modest : little and dainty spruce : man dressed pleasantly cloudy : not satisfactory overweight : unattrective,soft,loose link : telegraf sharp : high and upsetting sound tinkling : a light ringing sound wash room: a little room in a house where nourishments is kept appressive : a circumstance that makes you unhappy,worried flash: a little indication of sth fool : modas? gecmis onemsiz CHARACTERS Mrs. Encourage: she is the primary character. ut she has no giving name or age. We will compose a custom article test on The Way Up to Heaven or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now She is only her husband’s spouse. She is modest,faithful ,neurotic,disiplined,suffuring. She changes,when she shows up Paris,she feels wonderful,strong,purposeful,cool and quiet. What's more, when she shows up back to New York she feels fulfilled. Mr. Encourage: he is 70 years old,rich,insensitive,diminutive yet very dapper,and he shows no affection for his family and he has a couple of companions. He is a static,flat character. Peak The fundamental defining moment is he second when Mrs. Encourage freezes in front way to tune in to a sound which is originating from the house. Clashes External clash: between the mrs. Cultivate and mr encourage. Despite the fact that she realizes that her husban torments her on purpose,she says anything about it. Interior clash: between the mrs. encourage and herself. Despite the fact that she needs tol ive with her grandkids she likewise believes that it isn't right since her significant other is as yet alive and she is a dedicated spouse. *** Mrs. Cultivate has a practically neurotic dread of being late. What's more, her significant other realizes she will be crazy in the event that he is late. So he in every case late deliberately. Furthermore, he watch her to check whether the minuscule muscle by her eye begins jerking. She is begining to understand that her husbant is tormenting her. Step by step instructions to refer to The Way Up to Heaven, Essay models

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Use Anecdotes

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Use Anecdotes Many business school candidates take a straightforward, historical approach in their personal statement essays. Although this can be an easy way to organize an essay, it may deprive applicants of an opportunity to deliver a more focused and gripping introduction. Nothing is fundamentally wrong with taking a historical approach, of course, but an anecdotal approach can better maintain a reader’s interest in certain circumstances. Of course, this all comes down to execution! Example 1: Historical “When I graduated from New York University with a finance degree, I eschewed Wall Street and pursued my own distinct path; I opened a flower shop in midtown New York, never imagining the challenges I would face as I strived to bring in new customers and locate products around the world. With time, I learned to advertise selectively (on billboards in local office buildings) and developed relationships with suppliers, particularly one in Peru, with whom I obtained an exclusive on Heliconia flowers. After one year, we started to specialize in foreign flowers, and with a niche identified, we developed a strong client base. My firm stabilized, and I was no longer bleeding cash to support my 11 employees; we were cash-flow neutral and contemplating a new location.” This introduction is very direct and informative but involves almost no drama or emotion. To be more effective, the writer might instead consider positioning himself/herself as “the hero” and drawing the reader in with some anecdotal tension. Example 2: Anecdotal “My hand quivered as I signed the lease for 1,000 square feet of retail space in midtown New York. Two months later, I threw open the doors to my flower shop and was stunned when I did not make a sale until my third day. Admittedly, I began to question the wisdom of entrepreneurship and wondered if I should have joined my peers from New York University’s finance program as an analyst on Wall Street instead. However, each day, a trickle of customers came in, and more often than not, they commented on the colorful and rare flowers in my window, like the Peruvian Heliconia, exclusive to my shop. Within weeks, I had core customers picking up scheduled orders and referring friends; I bolstered this ‘word of mouth’ with select advertising on electronic billboards in the four 50-story office towers surrounding the shop. Soon, I noticed a surge of customers and was no longer bleeding cash. After one year, we were cash-flow neutral, and I was even contemplating opening another locatio n.” In this version, the same information is conveyed, but the tension inherent in the “quivering hand” and the empty store acts as a “hook” to draw the reader in. By taking this more personal, emotional, and indeed anecdotal approach, the writer allows the reader to identify with his/her struggle and thereby maintains the reader’s interest. Again, this is not a case of right or wrong, and each MBA candidate should decide what works best in his/her own essays. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Use Anecdotes Many business school candidates choose to take a straightforward, historical approach in their personal statements. This can be an easy way to organize an essay, but it may also lead candidates to ignore possibilities for a more focused and gripping introduction. Although nothing is fundamentally wrong with taking a historical approach, under certain circumstances, an anecdotal approach can better maintain your reader’s interest. (This all comes down to execution, of course!) Example 1: Historical “When I graduated from New York University with a finance degree, I eschewed Wall Street and pursued my own distinct path; I opened a flower shop in midtown New York, never imagining the challenges I would face as I strived to bring in new customers and locate products around the world. With time, I learned to advertise selectively (on billboards in local office buildings) and developed relationships with suppliers, particularly one in Peru, with whom I obtained an exclusive on Heliconia flowers. After one year, we started to specialize in foreign flowers, and with a niche identified, we developed a strong client base. My firm stabilized, and I was no longer bleeding cash to support my 11 employees; we were cash-flow neutral and contemplating a new location.” This introduction, which is historical in nature, is very direct and informative but involves almost no drama or emotion. To be more effective, the writer might instead consider positioning him/herself as “the hero” and drawing the reader in with some anecdotal tension. Example 2: Anecdotal “My hand quivered as I signed the lease for 1,000 square feet of retail space in midtown New York. Two months later, I threw open the doors to my flower shop and was stunned when I did not make a sale until my third day. Admittedly, I began to question the wisdom of entrepreneurship and wondered if I should have joined my peers from New York University’s finance program as an analyst on Wall Street instead. However, each day, a trickle of customers came in, and more often than not, they commented on the colorful and rare flowers in my window, like the Peruvian Heliconia, exclusive to my shop. Within weeks, I had core customers picking up scheduled orders and referring friends; I bolstered this ‘word of mouth’ with select advertising on electronic billboards in the four 50-story office towers surrounding the shop. Soon, I noticed a surge of customers and was no longer bleeding cash. After one year, we were cash-flow neutral, and I was even contemplating opening another locatio n.” In this version, the same information is conveyed, but the tension inherent in the “quivering hand” and the empty store acts as a “hook” that draws the reader in. By taking this more personal, emotional and indeed anecdotal approach, the writer allows the reader to identify with his/her struggle and thus maintains the reader’s interest. Again, this is not a case of right or wrong. Each MBA candidate should decide what works best in his/her own essays. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Use Anecdotes Many business school candidates take a straightforward, historical approach in their personal statement essays. Although this can be an easy way to organize an essay, it may deprive applicants of an opportunity to deliver a more focused and gripping introduction. Nothing is fundamentally wrong with taking a historical approach, of course, but an anecdotal approach can better maintain a reader’s interest in certain circumstances. Of course, this all comes down to execution. Example 1: Historical “When I graduated from New York University with a finance degree, I eschewed Wall Street and pursued my own distinct path; I opened a flower shop in midtown New York, never imagining the challenges I would face as I strived to bring in new customers and locate products around the world. With time, I learned to advertise selectively (on billboards in local office buildings) and developed relationships with suppliers, particularly one in Peru, with whom I obtained an exclusive on Heliconia flowers. After one year, we started to specialize in foreign flowers, and with a niche identified, we developed a strong client base. My firm stabilized, and I was no longer bleeding cash to support my 11 employees; we were cash-flow neutral and contemplating a new location.” This introduction is very direct and informative but involves almost no drama or emotion. To be more effective, the writer might instead consider positioning himself/herself as “the hero” and drawing the reader in with some anecdotal tension. Example 2: Anecdotal “My hand quivered as I signed the lease for 1,000 square feet of retail space in midtown New York. Two months later, I threw open the doors to my flower shop and was stunned when I did not make a sale until my third day. Admittedly, I began to question the wisdom of entrepreneurship and wondered if I should have joined my peers from New York University’s finance program as an analyst on Wall Street instead. However, each day, a trickle of customers came in, and more often than not, they commented on the colorful and rare flowers in my window, like the Peruvian Heliconia, exclusive to my shop. Within weeks, I had core customers picking up scheduled orders and referring friends; I bolstered this ‘word of mouth’ with select advertising on electronic billboards in the four 50-story office towers surrounding the shop. Soon, I noticed a surge of customers and was no longer bleeding cash. After one year, we were cash-flow neutral, and I was even contemplating opening another locatio n.” In this version, the same information is conveyed, but the tension inherent in the “quivering hand” and the empty store acts as a “hook” to draw the reader in. By taking this more personal, emotional, and indeed anecdotal approach, the writer allows the reader to identify with his/her struggle and thereby maintains the reader’s interest. Again, this is not a case of right or wrong, and each MBA candidate should decide what works best in his/her own essays. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Use Anecdotes Many business school candidates choose to take a straightforward, historical approach in their personal statements. This can be an easy way to organize an essay, but it may lead candidates to miss an opportunity for a more focused and gripping introduction. Although nothing is fundamentally wrong with taking a historical approach, an anecdotal approach can better maintain your reader’s interest in certain circumstances. (This all comes down to execution, of course!) Example 1: Historical “When I graduated from New York University with a finance degree, I eschewed Wall Street and pursued my own distinct path; I opened a flower shop in midtown New York, never imagining the challenges I would face as I strived to bring in new customers and locate products around the world. With time, I learned to advertise selectively (on billboards in local office buildings) and developed relationships with suppliers, particularly one in Peru, with whom I obtained an exclusive on Heliconia flowers. After one year, we started to specialize in foreign flowers, and with a niche identified, we developed a strong client base. My firm stabilized, and I was no longer bleeding cash to support my 11 employees; we were cash-flow neutral and contemplating a new location.” This introduction is very direct and informative but involves almost no drama or emotion. To be more effective, the writer might instead consider positioning him-/herself as “the hero” and drawing the reader in with some anecdotal tension. Example 2: Anecdotal “My hand quivered as I signed the lease for 1,000 square feet of retail space in midtown New York. Two months later, I threw open the doors to my flower shop and was stunned when I did not make a sale until my third day. Admittedly, I began to question the wisdom of entrepreneurship and wondered if I should have joined my peers from New York University’s finance program as an analyst on Wall Street instead. However, each day, a trickle of customers came in, and more often than not, they commented on the colorful and rare flowers in my window, like the Peruvian Heliconia, exclusive to my shop. Within weeks, I had core customers picking up scheduled orders and referring friends; I bolstered this ‘word of mouth’ with select advertising on electronic billboards in the four 50-story office towers surrounding the shop. Soon, I noticed a surge of customers and was no longer bleeding cash. After one year, we were cash-flow neutral, and I was even contemplating opening another locatio n.” In this version, the same information is conveyed, but the tension inherent in the “quivering hand” and the empty store acts as a “hook” that draws the reader in. By taking this more personal, emotional, and indeed anecdotal approach, the writer allows the reader to identify with his/her struggle and thus maintains the reader’s interest. Again, this is not a case of right or wrong. Each MBA candidate should decide what works best in his/her own essays. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips

Regression Analysis and Summary Page Results Essay

|[pic] |Syllabus | | |School of Business | | |QNT/561 Version 5 | | |Applied Business Research and Statistics | Copyright  © 2012, 2011, 2009, 2008 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course prepares students to†¦show more content†¦2 of Statistics for Business and Economics | | | | |2.37, 2.38, 2.44, 2.46, 2.54, 2.64, 2.68, 2.79, 2.85, 2.89, 2.93, 2.94, 2.106, and 2.108 | | | | | | | | | |Ch. 4 of Statistics for Business and Economics | | | | |4.1, 4.12, 4.13, 4.21, 4.79, 4.80, 4.81, 4.89, 4.91, 4.106, and 4.124 | | | | | | | | | |Make a screen-print of the summary page results, paste in an MS Word document and post in the | | | |Show MoreRelatedAnalyzing and Summarizing Math Data1438 Words   |  6 Pagesliving in the household) 4. YEARS (the number of years that the customer has lived in the current location) 5. 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Should Gun Control Be Stricter Gun Laws Essay - 1467 Words

In 2015, on an average day in America, thirty-six Americans were killed by guns, excluding suicides. How many of those deaths would have been prevented if there were stricter gun laws? How many parents would have lived to see their babies grow up? How many children would have lived to graduate, or get married? Although many Americans believe that gun control takes away their second amendment right it actually increases every citizen’s safety by the use of extensive background checking, checking medical records, and restricting gun distributors. On a Tuesday in 1999, two armed teenagers, Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris, entered their high-school and began shooting classmates. They shot and killed 13 and injured 21 before taking their own lives. The Columbine High School massacre made history. They acquired their guns by purchasing them from acquaintances. Fast forward eight years to 2007. In April, 2007 on the Virginia Tech Campus in Virginia, Seung-Hui Cho shot and killed thirty-two men and women and injured another seventeen. He also ended his life after committing the murders. Cho was diagnosed with a severe anxiety disorder, and eventually declared mentally ill. In December 2012, possibly the most heart breaking massacre took place. 20 year old Adam Lanza shoots and kills his mother at their home. He then enters Sandy Hook Elementary school in Newton, Connecticut and opens fire. He claimed the life of twenty first graders who were six and seven years old,Show MoreRelatedShould Gun Laws Be Stricter Gun Control?1354 Words   |  6 PagesRights for Guns We have all been through that pain of losing a love one either it was to an incurable disease, old age, and car accident or during time of war. Nevertheless, we have lost more love ones through gun violence. 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Essay on The Welfare Fraud Crisis - 1705 Words

Welfare is intended for families or individuals that are in need of assistance with no or little income. For those who do not know, Welfare funds come from hard working individuals that are required to pay taxes. Now we wonder, are the tax payers’ hard earned money going to the right deserving recipients? Welfare fraud is on the rise in this country. Many are taking advantage of the system taking away the help that is meant for people that truly needed help to provide for their families or people that need assistance until they can stand on their own feet. Statistics clearly show that â€Å"785,000 to 1.2 million families are illegally receiving welfare benefits. At the average rate of $11,500 per year, this means taxpayers are being†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Lana M. and her husband collected welfare benefits in 2003, claiming they earned less than $24,000. But authorities say Lana M., the former office manager of a job-training center for immigrant welfare recipients, also owned a liquor store and recycling business. Authorities say, she drove a $76,000 luxury car, shopped at Neiman Marcus and Saks Fifth Avenue and had $147,980 stashed in her bedroom dresser† (â€Å"Welfare† 7). This case for instance, how did this couple’s income go undetected by the system? How did their greed get away with thousands of dollars they obviously did not need? Not only did they cheat and scam the welfare system and tax payers, but they took away the assistance from a family or individual that where truly seeking aid. While reading through some articles when researching information on this matter I learned that it is not easy to apply for Welfare Programs. Applicants are required to provide important documentations such as â€Å"Source of income, proof of identity, social security cards, proof of residence cost, copy of mortgage payments, pay stubs and applicants are even required to provide saving and checking accounts informat ion and cash on hand† (â€Å"Tips† 7). With all these information in our government’s hand, fraud should be the last thing on peoples’ mind. Tax payers should rest assured that the money they have worked so extremely hardShow MoreRelatedThe Long Term Nature Of The Crisis Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesYeva Nersisyan and Randall Wray’s Minskian analysis of the long term nature of the crisis helps us understand many concepts of Akerlof and Shiller’s Phishing for Phools. George Akerlof and Robert Shiller’s analysis uncovers some of Nersisyan and Wray’s concepts as well. 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Communication Activity In Business Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Communication Activity In Business. Answer: Introduction Communication is an important activity in the daily lives of people. In case of business organisations, communication plays at equally essential role. Starting from the communication of organisational goals and objectives to the employees, to ensuring the effective performance of the employees all the activities have to be carried out with the help of effective communication. The business organisation may be operational in any sector; irrespective of that, communication is an integral part of business (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). In this assignment a multinational company has been highlighted which manufactures agricultural equipments and distribute it to its international as well as local clients. However, of late, the business organisation has been experiencing major communication issues with the employees as well as the clients. The organisation operates in 5 countries namely Australia, India, Nigeria, Oman and Vietnam. It has over 8000 employees and over a billion of customers. Bei ng a big organisation, communication issues is a major drawback. In this assignment the various communication issues and the ways to mitigate these have been discussed (Booth, 2009). Moreover the best practices that are carried out in various other organisations have also been discussed in this assignment. Recommendations and strategies that this organisation could possibly take, in order to ensure that the communication issues are mitigated, is also highlighted. Finally of conclusion and the implication of effective communication is given. Good practices Implementations of the 7 cs of communication It is important that the multinational organisation, as given in the case study, learn from the other organisations that effective communication is implemented. An in-depth analysis of those organisations highlights some of the good practices that make organisation implement effective communication with its employees as well as its clients (Yule, 2013). One of the best practices that are implemented in the business organisations with effective communication is the strict adherence to the seven C's of communication. Each of the c and its impact has been described below. Completeness- The completeness of a communication in any business organisation is desirable. Completeness highlights that all the relevant facts are communicated to the intended recipient (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Partial communication of the information will result in lack of clarity and thus with trigger confusion. Be it the communication with the employees or with the client, no relevant information should be kept secret (Booth, 2009). Incomplete communication will result in misinterpretation and thus will reduce the effectiveness of the work that is intended to be done (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Conciseness- Communication needs to be concise. Business communication necessary has to be conducted in the most concise way (Brownell, 2015). This highlights the completion of communication without any redundancy (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Sharing information that is unnecessary for the intended recipient it increase the burden of the person as well as figure confusion in them (Eisenberg, 2014). In order to ensure that the communication is concise, only the essential information should be communicated. Consideration-Consideration in communication is an essential element. Beit business communication or personal communication all the parties in the communication need to be considerate towards each other (Beamer Varner, 2011). Consideration includes understanding the situation of the other and respecting the difference of opinion, that each has with the other (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Being inconsiderate will result in an ineffective communication (Cenere et al., 2015). Moreover, lack of consideration triggers negative emotions in the people, communicating with each other. Thus, control over emotions and being considerate has to be ensured (Eisenberg, 2014). Clarity- Clarity means being specific regarding the information that is being shared (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Emphasizing on authenticity and accuracy of the information being communicated also ensures that clarity in communication is implemented (Halawah, 2015). Lack of clarity increases confusion of thoughts thus causing delay in achievement of organisational goals (Beamer Varner, 2011). Concreteness- Concrete communication means sharing the message with clarity without any redundant information (Hersey, Blanchard Johnson, 1969). Integrity of the information has to be maintained which helps in reducing the fuzziness of information and thus reduces lack of clarity (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). The employees and the clients are able to understand what is being communicated, thus ensuring effective communication (Ulmer, Sellnow Seeger, 2013). Correctness- All communications main has to be correct. Transmission of incorrect information will have a major adverse impact on the business organisation (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). This might result in confusion among the employees and a major reliability issues among the clients (Eisenberg, 2014). The authenticity of the information has to be ensured, before communicating it to the clients or employees (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Courtesy- Being courteous and showing respect to everyone with whom we communicate is an essential criterion of communication (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). In business organisation it is important that information communicated is polite and in a respectful manner (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). The top-level employees have to be courteous towards the lower level staff as well as the clients (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Respecting each other as well as respecting the difference of opinion among the party communicating with each other, being empathetic towards the feeling of the others is some of the components of being courteous in communication (Grunig Dozier, 2013). Initiating formal communication It is important that the business organisations initiate formal communication with the client as well as a staff (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). This includes both verbal and nonverbal communication. Moreover,exchange of mails and letters are also a part of a formal communication (Townsend, DeMarie Hendrickson, 2013). Formal communications and meetings using video conferencing is done in order to connect the client and employees located in different geographical locations (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Thus, with the help of technology formal communication is carried out effectively. Importance given to body language It is important that adequate significance should be given to the body language. This reveals the actual tone of communication as well as understanding the psychology of the communicator is also facilitated (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Giving importance to the body language and gestures is essential in effective business communication (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). A firm handshake or constant eye contact while communicating shows confidence (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). However, the opposite of this highlight the lack of confidence and hesitation (Robbins, 2009). Hence, by observing the body languages significance conclusions about the effectiveness of the communication should be made. Documentation of the communication While communication is made it is important that documentation of the communication is maintained. This is important, so that none of the parties engage in the communication can ever deny (Beamer Varner, 2011). Moreover, in absence of any one of the communicators, the other is able to recall the information that has been exchanged (Grunig Dozier, 2013). Hence, in business communication documentation has a key role to play (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Open communication among the hierarchy levels Though it is important to maintain hierarchy and follow the organisational structure,it is important to ensure open and clear communication in the various hierarchy levels (Grunig Dozier, 2013). The people of the top management should be open to communicate with that of the lower level employees (Suter et al., 2009). This will reduce the chances of confusion and will enhance the business of the organisation. The organisational culture it also enriched with this kind of open communication (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Future strategies One of the major challenges that the company faces is the timely communication with the clients as well as the employees as mentioned in the case study (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). In order to ensure that such issues could be curbed down, the organisational structure and the culture needs to be modified (Leonard, Graham Bonacum, 2014). The top-level employees have to engage themselves in open conversation with the employees on a regular basis. Even if the employees are facing no issues, the top-level management should initiate regular meeting (Brownell, 2015). However, it is important to ensure timely communication with the client. If this is not done then the clients might be offended and look out for some other service provider (Fielding, 2006). A team of customer service executive should be formed who will ensure a regular communication with the clients (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). This will increase the reliability of the business organisation as well as satisfy the clients resulting in client retention (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). The issues and problems that are faced by the clients should be highlighted and rectified as soon as possible. This will mitigate the issue of timely communication with the employees and the clients (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). The other issue that has been highlighted in the case study is the communication breakdown from the top-level managers to the lower level employees and vice versa (Moscardo, 2009). In order to ensure that this issue is not faced by the organisation anymore, the lower level employees should be asked to approach the higher level employees with their problems (Beamer Varner, 2011). Moreover, the top-level employees should also engage themselves in time-to-time communication with employees, thus understanding the situation that they are going through (Grunig Dozier, 2013).This will ensure effective communication and will reduce the gap between the management level and the employees. Feedback helps in improvement. The issue faced by the organisation in collecting the feedback from the client has to be mitigated (Shockley, 2014). In order to ensure that a regular feedback form should be shared with the client, and their feedback should be analysed critically, the customer service team should take care (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). They need to ensure that the actual feedback from the clients are collected and produced for further improvement of the products (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Moreover, the local and the international clients should be given regular feedback regarding the importance of their opinion and the enhancements that are being made according to the requirements (Fielding, 2006). This will ensure that the relationships with the clients are enhanced (Dolan, 2017). The other issue that is faced by the business organization is the adoption to the local languages. The business organization operates in 5 different counties namely Australia, India, Nigeria, Vietnam and Oman (Beamer Varner, 2011). Hence, communicating the local language is a major issue (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). In order to mitigate this issue, employees of the specific countries need to be selected, such that they are able to communicate effectively (Leonard, Graham Bonacum, 2014). Moreover, the representatives of the specific country need to have the specified skills that are required for the organizational activities (Fallowfield Jenkins, 2009). Thus, the employees who are chosen from the local countries will ensure that the issue of the local language is mitigated successfully (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Moreover, English could be used as a common language of communication among the employees of the 5 counties, such that this issue could be mitigat ed. For example, Mc Donalds have been facing the same issue with the local languages. However, it has been mitigated by employing people from the local countries. Cross-cultural barrier is an important barrier that needs to be mitigated successfully, in order to ensure success of the business organization (Leathers Eaves, 2015). Since the employees belong to five different countries, hence a wide variation in the culture of the people is seen (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). However, in order to ensure effective team-work, the culture of each of the employee has to be respected and accepted by the others (Dolan, 2017). In order to ensure that, the employees of the business organization should be engaged in team-building activities, as well as cultural activities (Sageev Romanowski, 2011). This will ensure that all the employees learn to respect the culture of each other, along with accepting the cultural diversity gladly (Fallowfield Jenkins, 2009). Moreover, the successful mitigation of the language barriers, along with reduction of the hostile stereotypes is essential for the successful mitigation of the issues of cross culture (Hovland Lumsda ine, 2017). In order to reduce the intensity of the cross-cultural issues, active listening and observation of the body languages needs to be implemented (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Mc Donalds also faced cross cultural issues. However, with employment from the local people, and effective induction, this issue was mitigated. One of the major issues that are faced by the multi-national company is the discrepancy in the digital literacy among the employees from the various countries (Beamer Varner, 2011). The company has been operating in 5 countries, out of which Australia is a well-developed country, whereas India is a developing country (Leathers Eaves, 2015). However, Niger and Oman being under-developed country, the digital literacy is not high enough (Austin Pinkleton, 2015). Thus, due to the lack of digital literacy, the employees are not able to communicate effectively using technology or various social media (Dolan, 2017). Thus, in order to mitigate this issue, the employees should be given adequate training so that they are able to equip themselves with digital literacy (Henderson, Stackman Lindekilde, 2016). Moreover, the lack of digitalization of the countries also results in lack of adequate equipment to communicate with social media. Conclusion and implications Communication has a key role to play in any business organization. As mentioned in the given case study, the multinational company had been facing communication issues. However, it is essential that these issues should be mitigated. Various strategies have been recommended in the assignment that could be helpful for enhancing the communication in the business organization. However, if the issues of communication faced by the company are not mitigated, then it implies that the recommendations are not diligently incorporated. The implementation plans, as well as the strategies have to be planned. The organizational culture and the structure need to be modified, in order to ensure that the communication issues are completely mitigated. If the recommended strategies are not successful in the business organization, then the employees should be given adequate training. Imparting adequate training to the employees will result in mitigation of the communication issues in the business organiz ation. The training, to all employees, irrespective to the country they belong to, will result in improvement in the communication skills of the employees. The implications of the effective communication are that the business organization and its performances will be enhanced successfully. Moreover, employee retention and customer satisfaction will be achieved. Thus, it is concluded that effective communication is inevitable in any business organization, and thus achievement of employee satisfaction and the client satisfaction is achieved. References Austin, E. W., Pinkleton, B. E. (2015).Strategic public relations management: Planning and managing effective communication campaigns(Vol. 10). Routledge. Beamer, L., Varner, I. I. (2011).Intercultural communication in the global workplace. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Booth, W. C. (2009).The rhetoric of rhetoric: The quest for effective communication. John Wiley Sons. Brownell, J. (2015).Listening: Attitudes, principles, and skills. Routledge. Cenere, P., Gill, R., Lawson, C., Lewis, M. (2015).Communication Skills for Business Professionals 7. Cambridge University Press. Dolan, R. (2017). Branding yourself effective communication skills.FEMS microbiology letters,364(2). Eisenberg, E. M. (2014). Ambiguity as strategy in organizational communication.Communication monographs,51(3), 227-242. Fallowfield, L., Jenkins, V. (2009). Effective communication skills are the key to good cancer care.European Journal of Cancer,35(11), 1592-1597. Fielding, M. (2006).Effective communication in organisations. Juta and Company Ltd. Grunig, J. E., Dozier, D. M. (2013).Excellent public relations and effective organizations: A study of communication management in three countries. Routledge. Halawah, I. (2015). The relationship between effective communication of high school principal and school climate.Education,126(2). Henderson, L. S., Stackman, R. W., Lindekilde, R. (2016). The centrality of communication norm alignment, role clarity, and trust in global project teams.International Journal of Project Management,34(8), 1717-1730. Hersey, P., Blanchard, K. H., Johnson, D. E. (1969).Management of organizational behavior(p. 65). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Hovland, C. I., Lumsdaine, A. A. (2017).Experiments on mass communication. Princeton University Press. Leathers, D. G., Eaves, M. (2015).Successful nonverbal communication: Principles and applications. Routledge. Leonard, M., Graham, S., Bonacum, D. (2014). The human factor: the critical importance of effective teamwork and communication in providing safe care.Quality and Safety in Health Care,13(suppl 1), i85-i90. Maguire, P., Pitceathly, C. (2012). Key communication skills and how to acquire them.Bmj,325(7366), 697-700. Moscardo, G. (2009).Making visitors mindful: principles for creating quality sustainable visitor experiences through effective communication. Sagamore publishing. Robbins, S. P. (2009).Organizational Behavior, 13/E. Pearson Education India. Sageev, P., Romanowski, C. J. (2011). A message from recent engineering graduates in the workplace: Results of a survey on technical communication skills.Journal of Engineering Education,90(4), 685-693. Shockley-Zalabak, P. (2014).Fundamentals of organizational communication. Pearson. Suter, E., Arndt, J., Arthur, N., Parboosingh, J., Taylor, E., Deutschlander, S. (2009). Role understanding and effective communication as core competencies for collaborative practice.Journal of interprofessional care,23(1), 41-51. Townsend, A. M., DeMarie, S. M., Hendrickson, A. R. (2013). Virtual teams: Technology and the workplace of the future.The Academy of Management Executive,12(3), 17-29. Ulmer, R. R., Sellnow, T. L., Seeger, M. W. (2013).Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity. Sage Publications. Yule, G. (2013).Referential communication tasks. Routledge.